ALK-rearranged adenocarcinoma with extensive mucin production can mimic mucinous adenocarcinoma: clinicopathological analysis and comprehensive histological comparison with KRAS-mutated mucinous adenocarcinoma

Pathology. 2016 Jun;48(4):325-9. doi: 10.1016/j.pathol.2016.02.016. Epub 2016 Apr 22.

Abstract

We aimed to investigate clinicopathological features and histology of ALK-rearranged adenocarcinomas with extensive mucin production (AEM) that mimic mucinous adenocarcinoma (MA). Retrospectively, 12 cases of AEM and 25 cases of MA harbouring KRAS mutation were retrieved. The clinicopathological profile and detailed histological features were analysed and compared based on the ALK and KRAS status. AEMs occurred in younger patients (p = 0.044) and were characterised by floating tubulopapillary pattern (p < 0.001), prominent nucleolus (p < 0.001), and apical cytoplasmic snouts (p < 0.001). In contrast, KRAS-mutated MAs lacked ALK-specific histological patterns (p < 0.05). Instead, tumour-infiltrating leukocytes (p = 0.018) and smooth cytoplasmic borders (p < 0.001) with vesicular nuclei (p = 0.004) were prominent in KRAS-mutated MAs. AEMs demonstrated characteristic tubulopapillary pattern and apical snouts, which were distinguishing features from MAs with KRAS mutation. Apical snouts can be a useful histological surrogate for ALK rearrangement in the pulmonary adenocarcinomas showing extensive mucin that mimic MA.

Keywords: Adenocarcinoma of lung; adenocarcinoma; anaplastic lymphoma kinase; histology; mucinous.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / diagnosis*
  • Adenocarcinoma / genetics
  • Adenocarcinoma / metabolism
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / diagnosis*
  • Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / genetics
  • Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / metabolism
  • Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / pathology
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mucins / metabolism*
  • Mutation
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / genetics*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / metabolism
  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / genetics*
  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • KRAS protein, human
  • Mucins
  • ALK protein, human
  • Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase
  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)