Antioxidant potential, tannin and polyphenol contents of seed and pericarp of three Coffea species

Éva Brigitta Patay; Nikolett Sali; Tamás Kőszegi; Rita Csepregi; Viktória Lilla Balázs; Tibor Sebastian Németh; Tibor Németh; Nóra Papp

doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.03.014

Antioxidant potential, tannin and polyphenol contents of seed and pericarp of three Coffea species

Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2016 Apr;9(4):366-371. doi: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.03.014. Epub 2016 Mar 10.

Authors

Éva Brigitta Patay¹, Nikolett Sali², Tamás Kőszegi², Rita Csepregi¹, Viktória Lilla Balázs¹, Tibor Sebastian Németh³, Tibor Németh³, Nóra Papp⁴

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Pharmacognosy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Rókus 2, Pécs, 7624, Hungary.
² Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Ifjúság 13, Pécs, 7624, Hungary; János Szentágothai Research Center, Ifjúság 20, Pécs, 7624, Hungary.
³ Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Piaţa 1 Decembrie u. 10, Oradea, 410073, Romania.
⁴ Institute of Pharmacognosy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Rókus 2, Pécs, 7624, Hungary. Electronic address: nora4595@gamma.ttk.pte.hu.

PMID: 27086155
DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.03.014

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total tannin content of the pericarp and the seed of Coffea benghalensis (C. benghalensis) and Coffea liberica compared to Coffea arabica (C. arabica).

Methods: The antioxidant potential, total tannin and polyphenol contents of the immature and mature seed and pericarp of C. benghalensis and Coffea liberica were quantified and compared to C. arabica. Enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), oxygen radical absorbance capacity, Folin-Ciocalteau method and total tannin content assays were used.

Results: Trolox equivalent (TE/g plant material) values obtained by ECL and DPPH methods showed loose correlation (r(2) = 0.587) while those measured by oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay were higher without correlation in each plant. A closer correlation was detected between the ECL method and the percentage antioxidant activity of the DPPH technique (r(2) = 0.610 7) in each species, however the immature pericarp of C. benghalensis showed much higher DPPH scavenging potential than was seen in the ECL assay. The immature pericarp of C. benghalensis expressed the highest tannin and polyphenol content, and a high polyphenol level was also detected in the immature seed of C. arabica. The immature pericarp of Bengal and Liberian coffees showed the largest amount of phenolic contents.

Conclusions: The obtained data highlight the potential role of C. benghalensis as a new source of natural antioxidants and polyphenols compared to C. arabica.

Keywords: 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; Coffee; Enhanced chemiluminescence; Folin-Ciocalteau; Oxygen radical absorbance capacity; Total tannin method.