The data of visibility, relative humidity (RH), temperature (T), concentrations and chemical compositions of particles from January to May in 2014 were analyzed to understand the effects of meteorological elements and aerosols on the visibility in north suburb of Nanjing, research the contributions of different aerosol chemical compositions to extinction coefficients and propose the visibility fitting solutions of this region based on different parameters. As the results showed, the average visibility during the observation period was (5.78 ± 3.64) km; there were obvious negative correlations between visibility and RH, PM₂.₅ and the correlation coefficients were -0.66 and -0.48, respectively. The average extinction coefficient in winter was (398.72 ± 219.88) Mm⁻¹, the contributions of Organic, NH₄NO₃, (NH₄)₂SO₄ and EC to extinction coefficient were 38.81%, 27.81%, 23.95% and 7.15%, respectively; and the average extinction coefficient in spring was (248.36 ± 78.42) Mm⁻¹, the contributions of Organic, NH₄NO₃, (NH₄) ₂SO₄ and EC to extinction coefficient were 31.59%, 24.36%, 32.63% and 8.64%, respectively. The visibility fitting solution based on chemical compositions of aerosols was better than that based on extinction coefficient when comparing the different fitting solutions. The levels of PM₂.₅ mass concentrations' influences on the visibility depended on different ranges of RH; the visibility fitting solutions based on PM₂.₅, RH and T explained that the effects of PM₂.₅ on visibility were strong when RH stayed low, while RH became the more important factor with its increase.