NGR Tumor-Homing Peptides: Structural Requirements for Effective APN (CD13) Targeting

Bioconjug Chem. 2016 May 18;27(5):1332-40. doi: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00136. Epub 2016 May 2.

Abstract

Cyclic CNGRC (cCNGRC) peptides are very important targeting ligands for Aminopeptidase N (APN or CD13), which is overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cells. In this work we have (1) developed an efficient solid-phase synthesis and (2) tested on purified porcine APN and APN-expressing human cells two different classes of cCNGRC peptides: the first carrying a biotin affinity tag or a fluorescent tag attached to the carboxyl Arg-Cys-COOH terminus and the second with the tags attached to the amino H2N-Cys-Asn terminus. Carboxyl-terminus functionalized cCNGRC peptides 3, 6, and 8 showed good affinity for porcine APN and very good capacity to target and be internalized into APN-expressing cells. In contrast, amino-terminus functionalized cCNGRC peptides 4, 5, and 7 displayed significantly decreased affinity and targeting capacity. These results, which are in agreement with the recently reported X-ray structure of a cCNGRC peptide bound to APN showing important stabilizing interactions between the unprotected cCNGRC amino terminus and the APN active site, indicate that the carboxyl and not the amino-terminus of cCNGRC peptides should be used as a "handle" for the attachment of toxic payloads for therapy or isotopically labeled functions for imaging and nuclear medicine.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • CD13 Antigens / metabolism*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Humans
  • Models, Molecular
  • Oligopeptides / chemistry*
  • Oligopeptides / metabolism*
  • Protein Conformation
  • Swine

Substances

  • NGR peptide
  • Oligopeptides
  • CD13 Antigens