DENGUE OUTBREAK IN MATO GROSSO STATE, MIDWESTERN BRAZIL

Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2015 Dec;57(6):489-96. doi: 10.1590/S0036-46652015000600005.

Abstract

Dengue virus (DENV) is the most frequent arbovirus worldwide. In this study, we report a large outbreak in Mato Grosso State (MT). Serum samples from 604 patients with acute febrile illness for less than five days were inoculated in C6/36 cells, then infected cells were subjected to an indirect immunofluorescence test for DENV serotypes and yellow fever virus. Serum samples were submitted to a multiplex-semi-nested-RT-PCR for 11 flaviviruses. DENV-4 was isolated in 150/604 (24.8%) and DENV-1 in 19/604 (3.1%) specimens. By RT-PCR, 331 (54.8%) samples tested positive for DENV; 321 had single infections (DENV-4 n = 305; DENV-1 n = 15; DENV-3 n = 1), nine had co-infections of DENV-1/DENV-4, and one of DENV-2/DENV-4. DENV-4 was detected in 315/331 (95.2%) positive patients from 17 municipalities, and DENV-1 in 24/331 (7.2%) patients from five cities in north-central MT and the city of Cuiaba. The incidence of infection was higher in patients aged 20-39 (142/331; 42.9%). The NS5 partial nucleotide sequence of DENV-1 was most similar to that of genotype V, DENV-2 to Southeast Asian/American, DENV-3 to genotype III, and DENV-4 to genotype II strains, considered the most frequent strains in Brazil. This outbreak coincided with the introduction of DENV-4 in the state. Cuiaba was hyperendemic for the four DENV serotypes, highlighting the necessity for arbovirus surveillance in MT.

O vírus da dengue (DENV) é o arbovirus mais frequente no mundo. Neste estudo, é relatada uma epidemia de grandes proporções no estado de Mato Grosso (MT). Amostras de soro de 604 pacientes com doença febril aguda a menos de 5 dias foram inoculadas em células C6/36 seguida de Imunofluorescência indireta para os sorotipos do DENV e vírus da febre amarela e submetidas a multiplex-semi-nested-RT-PCR para 11 flavivírus. O DENV-4 foi isolado em 150/604 (24,8%) e DENV-1 em 19/604 (3,1%) amostras. Por RT-PCR, 331 (54,8%) pacientes foram positivos para DENV; 321 com infecções únicas (DENV-4 n=305; DENV-1 n=15; DENV-3 n=1), nove co-infecções entre DENV-1/DENV-4 e uma com DENV-2/DENV-4. O DENV-4 foi detectado em 315/331 (95,2%) pacientes de 17 municípios e o DENV-1 em 24/331 (7,2%) pacientes de 5 cidades da região centro-norte de MT e em Cuiabá. A incidência de infecção foi maior em pacientes de 20-39 anos (142/331; 42,9%). As sequências de nucleotídeos de região do gene NS5 do DENV-1 apresentaram maior similaridade com o genótipo V, do DENV-2 com Sudeste Asiático/Americano, DENV-3 com genótipo III e DENV-4 com genótipo II, considerados os mais frequentes no Brasil. Esta epidemia coincidiu com a introdução do DENV-4 no estado. Cuiabá foi considerada hiperendêmica para os quatro sorotipos do DENV, ressaltando a necessidade de vigilância para arbovírus em MT.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • DNA, Viral / genetics
  • DNA, Viral / isolation & purification*
  • Dengue / blood
  • Dengue / epidemiology*
  • Dengue Virus / genetics*
  • Disease Outbreaks / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • Fever / epidemiology
  • Fluorescent Antibody Technique
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods
  • Pregnancy
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Serogroup*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • DNA, Viral

Grants and funding

CNPq grant 472890/2011-5, LBSH, NZ and BFC received CAPES Master scholarships