A new neolignan, named coixide A (1), along with fifteen known compounds, (7R,8S)-3'-demethyl-dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-3'-O-β-glucopyranoside (2), (7R,8)-3'-demethyl-9'-butoxy-dehydrodiconiferyl-3'-O-β-glucopyranoside (3),adenosine (4), 2-O-caffeoyl isocitricacid (5), pseudolaroside A (6), 2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (7), 2-O-β-glucopyranosyl-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (8), 2-O-β-glucopyranosyl-4-hydroxy-7- methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (9), 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-hydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (10), p-coumaric acid ethyl ester (11), caffeic acid ethyl ester (12), p-coumaric acid (13), cis-N-p-coumaroyltyramine (14) trans-N-p-coumaroyltyramine (15), and coixol (16) have been isolated from Coix lachryma-jobi var. mayuen. Their chemical structures were elucidated by chemical evidence on the basis of spectroscopic and MS data, and as well as by comparison with those reported.