Redox proteins of hydroxylating bacterial dioxygenases establish a regulatory cascade that prevents gratuitous induction of tetralin biodegradation genes

Sci Rep. 2016 Mar 31:6:23848. doi: 10.1038/srep23848.

Abstract

Bacterial dioxygenase systems are multicomponent enzymes that catalyze the initial degradation of many environmentally hazardous compounds. In Sphingopyxis granuli strain TFA tetralin dioxygenase hydroxylates tetralin, an organic contaminant. It consists of a ferredoxin reductase (ThnA4), a ferredoxin (ThnA3) and a oxygenase (ThnA1/ThnA2), forming a NAD(P)H-ThnA4-ThnA3-ThnA1/ThnA2 electron transport chain. ThnA3 has also a regulatory function since it prevents expression of tetralin degradation genes (thn) in the presence of non-metabolizable substrates of the catabolic pathway. This role is of physiological relevance since avoids gratuitous and wasteful production of catabolic enzymes. Our hypothesis for thn regulation implies that ThnA3 exerts its action by diverting electrons towards the regulator ThnY, an iron-sulfur flavoprotein that together with the transcriptional activator ThnR is necessary for thn gene expression. Here we analyze electron transfer among ThnA4, ThnA3 and ThnY by using stopped-flow spectrophotometry and determination of midpoint reduction potentials. Our results indicate that when accumulated in its reduced form ThnA3 is able to fully reduce ThnY. In addition, we have reproduced in vitro the regulatory circuit in the proposed physiological direction, NAD(P)H-ThnA4-ThnA3-ThnY. ThnA3 represents an unprecedented way of communication between a catabolic pathway and its regulatory system to prevent gratuitous induction.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics*
  • Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
  • Biodegradation, Environmental
  • Electron Transport
  • Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins / genetics
  • Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins / metabolism
  • Environmental Pollutants / metabolism*
  • Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Escherichia coli / metabolism
  • Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase / genetics*
  • Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase / metabolism
  • Ferredoxins / genetics*
  • Ferredoxins / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial*
  • Iron-Sulfur Proteins / genetics
  • Iron-Sulfur Proteins / metabolism
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Oxygenases / genetics*
  • Oxygenases / metabolism
  • Recombinant Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
  • Sphingomonadaceae / genetics
  • Sphingomonadaceae / metabolism
  • Tetrahydronaphthalenes / metabolism*
  • Trans-Activators / genetics
  • Trans-Activators / metabolism

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins
  • Environmental Pollutants
  • Ferredoxins
  • Iron-Sulfur Proteins
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Tetrahydronaphthalenes
  • Trans-Activators
  • Oxygenases
  • Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase
  • tetralin