Iodine deficiency especially during pregnancy causes neurological disorders in the fetus. Actually, about two billion people are suffering from iodine deficiency through the world. The assessment of iodine intake is based on the determination of urinary iodine in the target population. Despite the complexity of the urinary matrix, a reliable assay must be achieved. After a review of pathophysiological interest of urinary iodine, various techniques for its measurement and their analytical performance were analyzed in order to select a reliable technique and enhance results interpretation.
Keywords: ICP-MS; Sandell-Kolthoff; diagnosis; iodine; iodine deficiency; urine.