Synchronous ileal neuroendocrine tumor: diagnosis and treatment. A case report and review of the literature

Ann Ital Chir. 2016:87:92-6.

Abstract

Introduction: The majority of neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are located in the gastrointestinal tract (67.5%) and in the bronchopulmonary (25.3%).

Case report: CA, female, 42 years old, profuse diarrhea about two months, cramping for increased peristalsis, vomiting and weight loss. The patient, diagnosed with ileal neuroendocrine tumor, by colonoscopy with biopsy of lesion, therefore came in our unit to be subjected to surgical therapy. Plasma assay Chromogranin A was performed: 160 ng / ml (nv: 15-100 ng / ml). The patient underwent surgery of right hemicolectomy.

Discussion: Neuroendocrine tumors although are rare diseases, have an increasing impact, probably by virtue of improved diagnostic methods. In case of profuse diarrhea should be suspected a neuroendocrine tumor. Certainly the diagnosis of certainty is given by histological examination (biopsy or resected nodule).

Conclusion: After surgical excision is necessary to perform the follow-up of chromogranin A, and, if not executed, perform nuclear medicine examinations such as Octreoscan and PET.

Key-words: Chromogranin A, Neuroendocrine tumor, Octreoscan.

INTRODUZIONE: la maggior parte dei tumori neuroendocrini (NET) si trova nel tratto gastrointestinale (67,5%) e broncopolmonare (25,3%).

Caso clinico: CA, femmina, 42 anni, diarrea profusa da circa due mesi, crampi per aumentata peristalsi, vomito e perdita di peso. Alla paziente, viene diagnosticato un tumore neuroendocrino ileale mediante colonscopia con biopsia, e quindi viene nella nostra unità per essere sottoposto a terapia chirurgica. Viene effettuato il dosaggio della Cromogranina A plasmatica: 160 ng / ml (NV: 15-100 ng / ml). La paziente viene sottoposto ad intervento chirurgico di emicolectomia destra. DISCUSSIONE: i tumori neuroendocrini, anche se sono delle malattie rare, hanno un impatto crescente, probabilmente in virtù dell’avanzamento dei metodi diagnostici. In caso di diarrea profusa dovrebbe essere sospettato un tumore neuroendocrino. Certamente la diagnosi di certezza è data dall’esame istologico (biopsia o un nodulo asportato). CONCLUSIONE: dopo l’asportazione chirurgica del tumore è necessario eseguire il follow-up tramite il dosaggio della Cromogranina A, e, se non sono stati eseguiti, eseguire gli esami di medicina nucleare, come Octreoscan e PET.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / blood
  • Chromogranin A / blood
  • Colectomy
  • Colonoscopy
  • Diarrhea / etiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ileal Neoplasms / blood
  • Ileal Neoplasms / complications
  • Ileal Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Ileal Neoplasms / surgery
  • Neoplasm Proteins / blood
  • Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / blood
  • Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / complications
  • Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / diagnosis*
  • Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / surgery
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors / blood
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors / complications
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors / diagnosis*
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors / surgery
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • Remission Induction
  • Somatostatin / analogs & derivatives

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Chromogranin A
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • Somatostatin
  • pentetreotide