Good results of surgery for renal cell carcinoma depend on early diagnosis. The need for an extensive screening program

Ann Ital Chir. 2016:87:41-4.

Abstract

Aim: The aim of our study was to assess the value of several prognostic factors for patients with clear cell renal carcinoma without distant metastases (M0) who underwent surgery in our Department from 1980 to 2010.

Material of study: We analyzed131 consecutive patients with clear cell renal carcinoma who had nephrectomy and extended lymph node dissection from 1980 to 2010 were reviewed. Free from cancer survivals were correlated to several prognostic factors including preoperative blood cell count, tumour cellular differentiation and stage of the disease.

Results: In our study we confirmed the importance of the stage of the tumour, in particular of the T, as prognostic factor. Survival was strictly correlated to the stage of the disease: 10 year cancer free survival was 100% in patients with T1, 83% in patients with T2 N0 and 34% for patients with T3N0. No improvement of results was noted in the last years, due to unchanged proportion of early diagnosis.

Discussion: Long term survival after surgery for clear cell renal carcinoma depends mainly on the histology type of the tumour and on the stage of the disease. Renal carcinoma does not respond to radio and standard chemotherapy and surgery represents the only effective cure.

Conclusion: Surgery at earlier stages is essential to improve results in patients with renal carcinoma. Earlier diagnosis at the present time is the best possibility to improve results, with the need for extensive use of screening ultrasound test.

Key words: Lymph node dissection in renal carcinoma, Renal carcinoma, Results of surgery for renal carcinoma.

Lo scopo del lavoro è di valutare i fattori prognostici correlati a pazienti sottoposti a chirurgia per tumori renali a cellule chiare, senza metastasi a distanza (M0). Abbiamo analizzato 131 pazienti consecutivi, giunti nel nostro Dipartimento in un periodo compreso tra il 1980 ed il 2010 e affetti da carcinoma a cellule chiare. Tali pazienti sono stati sottoposti ad intervento chirurgico di nefrectomia con dissezione linfonodale estesa. La sopravvivenza libera da malattia è stata correlata a vari fattori prognostici che comprendono il valore emocromocitometrico preoperatorio, la differenziazione cellulare del tumore e lo stage della malattia. La sopravvivenza è strettamente correlata allo staging del tumore: i pazienti con tumori T1 hanno una sopravvivenza a 10 anni pari al 100%, pazienti con staging T2, N0 hanno una sopravvivenza a 10 anni dell’83% e pazienti con staging T3, N0 hanno una sopravvivenza a 10 anni del 34%. La sopravvivenza a distanza dopo chirurgia dipende dal tipo istologico della neoplasia e dallo stading della malattia. La chirurgia negli stadi iniziali è essenziale per migliorare i risultati. La diagnosi precoce, ad oggi è la migliore soluzione per migliorare i risultati.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Blood Cell Count
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / diagnosis
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / diagnostic imaging
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / surgery*
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Early Detection of Cancer*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Kidney Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Lymph Node Excision
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Nephrectomy*
  • Preoperative Care
  • Prognosis
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult