Background and objective: The epidemiology of lung cancer changes with time, region, and population. The pathological and clinical characteristics of patients with primary bronchial lung cancer were retrospectively analyzed to understand the epidemic trend of lung cancer in recent years.
Methods: We reviewed the clinical data of patients with primary bronchogenic carcinoma. These patients, who are permanent residents of Henan province, were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2012 to 2014. The distributions of gender, age, urban/rural residency, smoking history, drinking history, operation history, and histological types of tumor were compared among the patients and analyzed.
Results: A total of 6,058 cases of lung cancer were collected, including 1,495 cases in 2012, 2,070 cases in 2013 and 2,493 cases in 2014. The proportions of male to female patients with lung cancer were 2.26:1, 2.29:1 and 2.20:1 in 2012 to 2014, respectively (χ²=0.367, P=0.832). The age of onset was 60-69 years old, which accounted for 35.72% of the patients, and exhibited statistically significant differences between male and female patients (χ²=109.848, P<0.001). Moreover, differences in the pathological types of patients with lung cancer were statistically significant in 2012-2014 (χ²=25.344, P=0.013). Lung adenocarcinoma accounted for 38.5% and 73.63% in male and female patients, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=562.382, P<0.001). Adenocarcinoma also accounted for 60.62%, 56.59%, 49.84%, 45.15%, 47.03% and 41.25% in all ages of patients with lung cancer; the difference was statistically significant (χ²=48.886, P<0.001). Furthermore, the proportions of various pathological types in rural and urban patients were statistically significant among the five regions of Henan Province. The proportions of squamous cell carcinoma were the highest in smoking and drinking patients, accounting for 38.39% and 37.37%, respectively. About 15.4% of the patients included in the study received surgical treatment.
Conclusions: The proportion of adenocarcinoma in all types of lung cancer has increased in recent years, whereas the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma has declined. Adenocarcinoma is common in male patients with lung cancer as well as in young- and middle-aged patients. Squamous cell carcinoma is associated with smoking and drinking in male patients.
背景与目的 肺癌的流行病学特征通常随时间、地域、人群分布的变化而发生改变，本研究拟通过回顾性分析郑州大学第一附属医院2012年-2014年住院的原发性支气管肺癌患者的病理类型特点及临床流行病学特征，以初步了解近年来肺癌的流行趋势。方法 收集2012年-2014年郑州大学第一附属医院住院的诊断为原发性支气管肺癌并登记为河南地区常住人口的病例，对患者的性别、年龄、城乡来源、吸烟史、饮酒史、地区、手术情况和病理类型等临床资料进行比对分析。结果 收集肺癌病例共6,058例，其中2012年1,495例，2013年2,070例，2014年2,493例。肺癌患者男女比例2012年-2014年分别为2.26:1、2.29:1、2.20:1（χ²=0.367, P=0.832）. 发病年龄以60岁-69岁年龄段居多，占35.72%，男女患者各年龄段病理类型差异具有统计学意义（χ²=109.848, P<0.001）。2012年-2014年不同病理类型肺癌患者的构成比差异有统计学意义（χ²=25.344, P=0.013）。男女性肺癌患者均以腺癌为主，在各类病理类型中分别占37.64%和73.63%，差异具有统计学意义（χ²=562.382, P<0.001）。各年龄段肺癌患者中腺癌所占比例分别为60.62%、56.59%、49.84%、45.15%、47.03%和41.25%，差异具有统计学意义（χ²=48.886, P<0.001）。豫北地区腺癌的构成比最高，占55.95%。在城市与农村患者中，各病理类型构成比差异具有统计学意义（χ²=29.732, P<0.001）。吸烟患者中以鳞癌居多，占38.39%。饮酒患者中也以鳞癌居多，占37.37%。接受手术治疗的患者占15.40%。结论 近年来腺癌在所有类型肺癌中所占比例呈上升趋势，鳞癌呈下降趋势。男性肺癌患者以腺癌最常见。腺癌在中青年患者高发，鳞癌在男性患者中高发并与吸烟饮酒关系密切。.