Application of CRISPR-mediated genome engineering in cancer research

Volkan I Sayin; Thales Papagiannakopoulos

doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.029

Application of CRISPR-mediated genome engineering in cancer research

Cancer Lett. 2017 Feb 28:387:10-17. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.029. Epub 2016 Mar 18.

Authors

Volkan I Sayin¹, Thales Papagiannakopoulos²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
² Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address: papagt01@nyumc.org.

PMID: 27000990
DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.029

Abstract

Cancer is a multistep process that arises from a series of genetic and epigenetic events. With recent technological advances there has been a burst in genome sequencing and epigenetic studies revealing a plethora of alterations that may contribute to cancer. However, the great challenge for the cancer research community is the systematic functional characterization of these genetic and epigenetic events to assess their role in cancer initiation and progression. Recent advances in genome engineering using CRISPR/Cas9, an ancient bacterial immune-like system, have revolutionized cancer genetics. Here we highlight the breakthroughs in the effective use of these novel genome-editing techniques, and we discuss the challenges and potential applications of these tools for cancer biology.

Keywords: CRISPR; Cancer; Cas9; Genome engineering; Mouse models.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
CRISPR-Cas Systems / genetics*
Gene Editing / methods*
Humans
Neoplasms / genetics*
Neoplasms / therapy*