Maximum BMI and microvascular complications in a cohort of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: the Japan Diabetes Complications Study

J Diabetes Complications. 2016 Jul;30(5):790-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.02.020. Epub 2016 Mar 2.

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the associations between possible indices of obesity based on information on weight history and the incidence of microvascular complications.

Methods: A cohort of individuals with type 2 diabetes from 59 institutes in Japan was followed for 8years. Patients were classified into three categories according to weight at entrance and past maximum weight: normal (BMI at baseline <25kg/m(2) and maximum BMI <25kg/m(2)), past obesity (BMI at baseline <25kg/m(2) and maximum BMI ≥25kg/m(2)), and current obesity (BMI at baseline ≥25kg/m(2)) groups. The outcomes were diabetic retinopathy and overt nephropathy.

Results: BMI at maximum and baseline of the 1809 patients was 26.5±3.5 and 23.1±3.0kg/m(2) (p<0.01), respectively (23.0±1.6 and 20.6±1.9kg/m(2) for normal, 27.4±2.0 and 22.8±1.4kg/m(2) for past obesity, and 30.1±2.9 and 27.0±1.8kg/m(2) for current obesity). The hazard ratios of past and current obesity compared to normal were 1.92 (95% CI, 1.08-3.41; p=0.03) and 2.21 (1.16-4.22; p=0.02), respectively, for overt nephropathy and 1.38 (1.05-1.83; p=0.02) and 1.64 (1.18-2.28; p<0.01), respectively, for diabetic retinopathy after adjustment for confounders.

Conclusions: Past obesity as well as current obesity were associated with increased risks of microvascular complications. Further identification of high-risk populations may be possible by classifying normal weight patients by past obesity.

Keywords: Body weight; Diabetic retinopathy; Obesity; Overt nephropathy; Trajectory.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Body Mass Index
  • Cohort Studies
  • Comorbidity
  • Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic
  • Diabetes Complications / epidemiology*
  • Diabetes Complications / therapy
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications*
  • Diabetic Angiopathies / epidemiology*
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / epidemiology*
  • Diabetic Retinopathy / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Japan / epidemiology
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / epidemiology*
  • Obesity / therapy
  • Peripheral Vascular Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk