Introduction: Immunization is a priority action of the Ministry of Health for contributing to reducing child mortality; however, studies show increased vaccination delays and non-vaccination.
Objective: This study aims to analyze the immunization status of preschool children in Teresina - PI.
Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 542 children, aged 2-6 years, enrolled in local public schools in four Municipal Childhood Education Centers selected at random, following the proportional division by regions of the city. Data were collected through a pre-coded and pre-tested form, in addition to scanning the children's vaccination card. For univariate descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson's χ2 Test and Fisher's Exact Test were used, and for multivariate analysis, multiple logistic regression was conducted using SPSS version 17.0. The study complied with the ethical aspects in accordance with current legislation.
Results: The frequency of delayed vaccination/non-vaccination was 24.9%. The average of non-administered vaccines was 1.7 (SD ± 1.2) and of delayed vaccines was 3.3 (SD ± 1.6). The binomial logistic regression model showed a significant association (p < 0.05) between young caregivers (under 24 years) and low frequency in childcare consultations with delayed vaccination/non-vaccination. There was no association with the variables related to the experience of children in the vaccination room and with the implementation of the Family Health Strategy.
Conclusion: Ensuring and strengthening primary healthcare actions are essential tools to reduce non-vaccination and vaccine delays. Professionals who care for children in vaccination rooms need to sensitize themselves to guide and encourage parents/caregivers to meet the vaccination schedules without delays or errors.