Biodegradable polymer based drug delivery has emerged as a promising and successful clinical tool for specific targeting and controlled drug release delivery system. Various other unique advantages associated with this delivery system include prolonged circulation, biocompatibility, degradation in nontoxic by-products etc. Till date, various biopharmaceutical agents have been successfully encapsulated within biodegradable polymers and used in clinics. However, before the clinical implementation of such nanocarriers different parameters have to be considered which influence the success of these nanocarriers such as drug release profile, size of nanocarrier, degradation mechanism, toxicity profile, type of polymer used, appropriate synthesis method, selection of mode of delivery etc. The following review focuses on such considerations to explore the area of designing and development of biodegradable polymeric nanosystems which when encapsulated with biopharmaceutical agents can be efficient for clinical application.