Long-lasting Remission Induced by Syngeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in a Patient with Refractory Crohn's Disease

Abstract

Background and aims: Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is considered a salvage therapy for patients with refractory immune-mediated diseases. Syngeneic HSCT may be an alternative to autologous HSCT, with potential advantages in terms of safety and efficacy.

Methods: A patient with severe Crohn's disease refractory to available medical therapies underwent a syngeneic HSCT from her identical twin sister. Cyclophosphamide and rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin were administered for conditioning.

Results: After transplant, the patient presented successful engraftment, complete haematological and immunological reconstitution, and no severe complications. The patient achieved complete remission after transplant which is sustained 4 years after transplantation without any active treatment for Crohn's disease.

Conclusions: Patients with refractory immune-mediated diseases who have an identical disease-free twin may benefit from a syngeneic HSCT.

Keywords: Clinical trials; endoscopy; quality of life; socioeconomic and psychological end points.