Removal of Two Species of Harmful Algae Using Gramine Modified Montmorillonite

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2016 Apr;96(4):540-3. doi: 10.1007/s00128-016-1758-y. Epub 2016 Feb 27.

Abstract

A series of gramine modified montmorillonites (gramine-MMTs) were prepared and characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction and zeta potential measurements. These modified clays with various amounts of gramine all exhibited higher removal efficiencies of both Chattonella marina and Alexandrium tamarense than did natural clay. With the augmentation of gramine content in the modified clays, the removal efficiency increased. The 24 h LC50 values of gramine-MMT with 12.68 % of gramine on C. marina and A. tamarense were 9.16 and 10.21 mg L(-1), respectively. These data suggest gramine-MMT might be a promising material to remediate harmful algal blooms.

Keywords: Alexandrium tamarense; Chattonella marina; Clay.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alkaloids / chemistry*
  • Aluminum Silicates / chemistry
  • Bentonite / chemistry*
  • China
  • Clay
  • Dinoflagellida / drug effects*
  • Environmental Restoration and Remediation / methods*
  • Harmful Algal Bloom / drug effects*
  • Indole Alkaloids
  • Particle Size
  • Surface Properties
  • Thermogravimetry
  • X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

  • Alkaloids
  • Aluminum Silicates
  • Indole Alkaloids
  • Bentonite
  • gramine
  • Clay