Growth temperature and genotype both play important roles in sorghum grain phenolic composition

Gangcheng Wu; Stuart K Johnson; Janet F Bornman; Sarita J Bennett; Michael W Clarke; Vijaya Singh; Zhongxiang Fang

doi:10.1038/srep21835

Growth temperature and genotype both play important roles in sorghum grain phenolic composition

Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 24:6:21835. doi: 10.1038/srep21835.

Authors

Gangcheng Wu¹, Stuart K Johnson¹, Janet F Bornman², Sarita J Bennett³, Michael W Clarke⁴, Vijaya Singh⁵, Zhongxiang Fang^{1

6}

Affiliations

¹ Food Science and Technology Program, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
² International Institute of Agri-Food Security (IIAFS), Curtin University, PO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
³ Department of Environment and Agriculture, School of Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
⁴ Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
⁵ Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
⁶ Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.

Abstract

Polyphenols in sorghum grains are a source of dietary antioxidants. Polyphenols in six diverse sorghum genotypes grown under two day/night temperature regimes of optimal temperature (OT, 32/21 °C and high temperature (HT, 38/21 °C) were investigated. A total of 23 phenolic compounds were positively or tentatively identified by HPLC-DAD-ESIMS. Compared with other pigmented types, the phenolic profile of white sorghum PI563516 was simpler, since fewer polyphenols were detected. Brown sorghum IS 8525 had the highest levels of caffeic and ferulic acid, but apigenin and luteolin were not detected. Free luteolinidin and apigeninidin levels were lower under HT than OT across all genotypes (p ≤ 0.05), suggesting HT could have inhibited 3-deoxyanthocyanidins formation. These results provide new information on the effects of HT on specific polyphenols in various Australian sorghum genotypes, which might be used as a guide to grow high antioxidant sorghum grains under projected high temperature in the future.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Anthocyanins / analysis
Apigenin / analysis
Australia
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Coumaric Acids / analysis
Genotype
Polyphenols / analysis
Polyphenols / chemistry*
Seeds / chemistry
Seeds / metabolism
Sorghum / genetics*
Sorghum / growth & development
Sorghum / metabolism
Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
Temperature

Substances

Anthocyanins
Coumaric Acids
Polyphenols
Apigenin
apigeninidin
luteolinidin