Beneficial Effects of Physical Exercise on Functional Capacity and Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Stress in Rats with Aortic Stenosis-Induced Heart Failure

Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2016:2016:8695716. doi: 10.1155/2016/8695716. Epub 2016 Jan 20.

Abstract

Objective. We evaluated the influence of exercise on functional capacity, cardiac remodeling, and skeletal muscle oxidative stress, MAPK, and NF-κB pathway in rats with aortic stenosis- (AS-) induced heart failure (HF). Methods and Results. Eighteen weeks after AS induction, rats were assigned into sedentary control (C-Sed), exercised control (C-Ex), sedentary AS (AS-Sed), and exercised AS (AS-Ex) groups. Exercise was performed on treadmill for eight weeks. Statistical analyses were performed with Goodman and ANOVA or Mann-Whitney. HF features frequency and mortality did not differ between AS groups. Exercise improved functional capacity, assessed by maximal exercise test on treadmill, without changing echocardiographic parameters. Soleus cross-sectional areas did not differ between groups. Lipid hydroperoxide concentration was higher in AS-Sed than C-Sed and AS-Ex. Activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase was changed in AS-Sed and restored in AS-Ex. NADPH oxidase activity and gene expression of its subunits did not differ between AS groups. Total ROS generation was lower in AS-Ex than C-Ex. Exercise modulated MAPK in AS-Ex and did not change NF-κB pathway proteins. Conclusion. Exercise improves functional capacity in rats with AS-induced HF regardless of echocardiographic parameter changes. In soleus, exercise reduces oxidative stress, preserves antioxidant enzyme activity, and modulates MAPK expression.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / metabolism
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / complications*
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / pathology
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / physiopathology*
  • Blotting, Western
  • Diastole
  • Electrocardiography
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
  • Heart Failure / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Failure / etiology*
  • Heart Failure / pathology
  • Heart Failure / physiopathology*
  • Lipid Peroxidation
  • Male
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Muscle, Skeletal / pathology*
  • Muscle, Skeletal / physiopathology
  • NADPH Oxidases / genetics
  • NADPH Oxidases / metabolism
  • Oxidative Stress* / genetics
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal*
  • Protein Subunits / genetics
  • Protein Subunits / metabolism
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Systole

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Protein Subunits
  • NADPH Oxidases
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases