Consideration of ethnic features of adaptation of students to educational activity in high school is needed as to optimize the learning process and to preserve the functional reserves of the organism. We investigated the characteristics of the psychological status and correlated them with the heart rhythm variability in students Yakuts with varying different effectiveness of educational success. Regression analysis of the relationship of personality psychological characteristics of students with indicators of the spectral power of heart rate showed that more adaptive resource autonomic regulation of the heart have people with an average level of introversion and of personal anxiety indicators corresponding to the transition from moderate to high degree and also in individuals with an average levels of neuroticism. Revealed higher effectiveness of examinations students introverted compared to extroverts and students with high personal anxiety relatively to persons with moderate personal anxiety. High efficiency of intellectual activity of students is achieved through high tension mechanisms vegetative regulation of the heart.