Comprehensive detection of bacterial carbohydrate-active enzyme coding genes expressed in cow rumen

Anim Sci J. 2016 Nov;87(11):1363-1370. doi: 10.1111/asj.12585. Epub 2016 Feb 15.

Abstract

To find the abundant and characteristic fibrolytic enzyme-coding gene expressed in fiber-associating microbiota, a metatranscriptomic data set was obtained from fiber-associating microbiota, and it was compared with that of rumen fluid-floating microbiota and two metagenomic data sets. Fibrolytic rumen bacteria associate with plant polysaccharide and hydrolyze it in the rumen. We obtained a metatranscriptomic assembly from fiber-associating microbiota in three ruminally fistulated Holstein cows fed timothy (Phleum pratense) hay. Each metatranscriptomic data set involved over a thousand of the glycoside hydrolase (GH) gene transcripts that accounted for about 1% of total protein coding gene transcripts. Three-quarters of the total GH gene transcripts were dominated by non-structural oligosaccharide-acting hydrolase gene transcripts. In the fiber-associating microbiota, endo-cellulase coding gene families, especially GHs 9 and 5, were abundantly detected, and GHs 9, 11, 30 and 43, carbohydrate esterase 8 and carbohydrate-binding module 6 were characteristically detected. Most fibrolytic gene transcripts assigned to Fibrobacter succinogenes were detected in fiber-associating sections, and GHs 45, 44, 74, 11, 30 and 16 were Fibrobacter-characteristically detected. The metatranscriptomic assembly highlighted the characteristic fibrolytic enzymes expressed in the fiber-associated rumen microbiota and offered access to the fibrolytic activities in each fibrolytic bacteria.

Keywords: Fibrobacter succinogenes; cellulase; metatranscriptomic analysis; plant polysaccharide; rumen.

MeSH terms

  • Animal Feed
  • Animals
  • Cattle
  • Cellulases / genetics*
  • Female
  • Fibrobacter / enzymology*
  • Glycoside Hydrolases / genetics*
  • Hydrolysis
  • Microbiota*
  • Phleum / chemistry
  • Polysaccharides / metabolism*
  • Rumen / microbiology*

Substances

  • Polysaccharides
  • Cellulases
  • Glycoside Hydrolases