A new saponin, isonarthogenin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-galactopyranoside (1), together with twelve known compounds, were isolated from the rhizomes of Polygonatum sibiricum. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by analysis of their 1D/2D NMR and MS data. Among them, phenol compounds 4-7 and 9-10 showed significant inhibitions against the formation of advanced glycosylation end products, with IC50 values of 0.091 ± 0.0021, 0.10 ± 0.041, 0.014 ± 0.0027, 0.11 ± 0.011, 0.13 ± 0.045, and 0.055 ± 0.019 μM, respectively. The results will promote exploiting potential medicinal use of these compounds in the prevention of diabetic complications and supporting Polygonatum sibiricum as a functional food for healthy and medicinal diet.
Keywords: AGEs; Liliaceae; Polygonatum sibiricum; diabetes; phenolic compounds; saponin.