Background: Leiomyosarcoma of the heart is extremely rare and may involve many symptoms. The outcome is poor and the median survival is only 6 months.
Case presentation: A 43-years-old female patient complained of palpitation and dyspnea and was diagnosed as bilateral iliac vein-inferior vena cava-right atrium-pulmonary masses. Pathological diagnosis was leiomyosarcoma of vascular origin and she survived for 12 months after surgery.
Conclusion: According to the summarization of 30 vascular leiomyosarcoma cases with heart involved we can find that surgical resection is the basic treatment for cardiac leiomyosarcoma, and surgery combined with chemotherapy may be able to further prolong survival.
Keywords: Leiomyosarcoma; cardiac tumor; therapy; vascular origin.