Tapentadol(TP)is a new strong opioid analgesicthat has both m-opioid receptor(MOR)effects and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor(NRI)effects. In comparison with the existing strong opioid analgesics, the mechanism of action suitable for palliation of neuropathic pain is expected to be better for TP. The analgesic effect and side effects of this drug were tested in 10 cases of exacerbation of neuropathic pain at our hospital, and the sedative response rate was 70%. The main side effects were somnolence 44.4%, nausea 33.4%, and constipation 11.1%. The side effects on the digestive system were considered minimal. Although it is speculated that opioids would be useful as an outpatient treatment, few case reports are available regarding their use for cancer pain; therefore, further investigation is necessary. Generally, numerous social issues that would increase the likelihood of drug adherence failure must be addressed in order to expand the use of strong opioid analgesics such as TP. Both the patients and the healthcare worker should be involved when addressing these issues in Japan, and the measures should include instructions for appropriate reporting and for using such drugs.