Mitochondrial Remodeling in Chicken Induced Pluripotent Stem-Like Cells

Stem Cells Dev. 2016 Mar 15;25(6):472-6. doi: 10.1089/scd.2015.0299. Epub 2016 Feb 25.

Abstract

Chicken pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), such as embryonic stem cells and blastoderm cells, have been used to study development and differentiation in chicken. However, chicken PSCs are not widely used because they are hard to maintain in long-term culture. Recent reports suggest that chicken somatic cells can be reprogrammed to pluripotent state by defined factors to form induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These chicken iPSCs showed pluripotent differentiation potential and could be maintained in long-term culture. However, intracytoplasmic remodeling during reprogramming of chicken cells remains largely unknown. In this study, we generated chicken iPS-like cells (ciPSLCs) from chicken embryonic fibroblasts using a retroviral expression system encoding human reprogramming factors. These ciPSLCs could be maintained for more than 10 passages and expressed the endogenous chicken pluripotency markers, cNonog and cSox2. Moreover, the ciPSLCs showed higher nucleus to cytoplasm ratio and contained globular mitochondria with immature cristae. This morphology was similar to that of mammalian PSCs, but different from that of avian somatic cells, which showed lower nucleus to cytoplasm ratio and mature mitochondria. These results suggest that intracytoplasmic organelles in differentiated somatic cells could be successfully remodeled into the pluripotent state during reprogramming in chicken.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cellular Reprogramming*
  • Chick Embryo
  • Embryonic Stem Cells / cytology
  • Embryonic Stem Cells / metabolism
  • Fibroblasts / cytology
  • Fibroblasts / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Mitochondria / metabolism*
  • Nanog Homeobox Protein / genetics
  • Nanog Homeobox Protein / metabolism
  • Pluripotent Stem Cells / cytology*
  • Pluripotent Stem Cells / metabolism
  • SOX Transcription Factors / genetics
  • SOX Transcription Factors / metabolism

Substances

  • Nanog Homeobox Protein
  • SOX Transcription Factors