Care Indicators in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Assessment of Sex Differences and Management of Clinical Problems

Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2016 Apr;69(4):384-91. doi: 10.1016/j.rec.2015.08.021. Epub 2016 Jan 16.

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: To assess sex differences and the management of clinical problems in patients with atrial fibrillation through the use of care indicators.

Methods: Over a 5-month period, the study included all consecutive patients attended in the cardiology outpatient clinics of 2 tertiary hospitals with an atrial fibrillation episode or a clinical process due to atrial fibrillation.

Results: A total of 533 patients were included (56.5% women; mean age, 70.5 ± 12.2 years), of whom 24.3% were younger than 65 years. Women had significantly more clinical problems and a higher stroke risk: CHADS2 (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age, diabetes, stroke [doubled]) (1.8 ± 1.2 vs 1.5 ± 1.1; P = .001) and CHA2DS2-VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 [doubled], diabetes, stroke [doubled]-vascular disease and sex category [female]) (3.7 ± 1.4 vs 2.2 ± 1.4; P = .0001). Referrals to the cardiology department were appropriate in 94% of the patients, the referral source was primary care or other hospital services in 53.8%, and echocardiography was performed or recommended in 93.4%. Treatment (antiarrhythmics and anticoagulants) was administered according to guideline recommendations. In the previous 3 months, the Rosendaal index was 48.4 ± 37.4.

Conclusions: One in every 4 patients seeking care for problems associated with atrial fibrillation are young; women have more clinical problems and seek care more frequently than men. Patients are correctly referred to the cardiology department and most are not referred from the emergency department. Echocardiography and antiarrhythmic and anticoagulant therapy were provided according to the recommendations of clinical practice guidelines. Vitamin K antagonists for anticoagulation therapy are underused.

Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Care indicators; Fibrilación auricular; Indicadores asistenciales; Tratamiento; Treatment.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Anticoagulants / therapeutic use*
  • Atrial Fibrillation / complications
  • Atrial Fibrillation / drug therapy*
  • Atrial Fibrillation / epidemiology
  • Disease Management*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment*
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Factors
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Stroke / epidemiology
  • Stroke / etiology
  • Stroke / prevention & control*
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
  • Anticoagulants