Cadmium Removal from Aqueous Systems Using Opuntia albicarpa L. Scheinvar as Biosorbent

Biomed Res Int. 2015:2015:832571. doi: 10.1155/2015/832571. Epub 2015 Dec 9.

Abstract

The aim of this research was to investigate the use of a natural adsorbent like nopal (Opuntia albicarpa L. Scheinvar) for removing cadmium from aqueous solutions with low concentrations of this metal. Two treatments were applied to the cladodes: a dehydration to get dehydrated nopal (DHN) and heating up to 90°C to obtain a thermally treated nopal (TN). After examining the effect of various pH values (2-7), the capacity of each biosorbent was examined in batch sorption tests at different dosages (0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 3000 mg L(-1)). The results indicated that adsorption of cadmium to biomass of DHN and TN was highly dependent on pH and biosorbent dosage. The best removal of cadmium (53.3%, corresponding to q e of 0.155 mg g(-1)) was obtained at pH 4.0 by using the TN sorbent. Infrared and Raman spectra confirmed that cadmium removal occurred via adsorption to -OH functional groups.

MeSH terms

  • Adsorption
  • Biomass
  • Cadmium / chemistry
  • Cadmium / toxicity*
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Kinetics
  • Opuntia / chemistry
  • Opuntia / metabolism
  • Water / chemistry
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / chemistry
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / toxicity*
  • Water Purification*

Substances

  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Cadmium
  • Water