Protective Effect of Carvacrol on Oxidative Stress and Cellular DNA Damage Induced by UVB Irradiation in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes

J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2015 Nov;29(11):497-507. doi: 10.1002/jbt.20355. Epub 2010 May 21.

Abstract

Exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB; 280-320 nm) radiation induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the biological system. In this study, we examined the protective effect of carvacrol on UVB-induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage with reference to alterations in cellular an-tioxidant status in human lymphocytes. A series of in vitro assays (hydroxyl radical, superoxide, nitric oxide, DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl), and ABTS (2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging assays) demonstrate antioxidant property of carvacrol in our study. UVB exposure significantly increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lipid hydroperoxides (LHPs), % tail DNA and tail moment; decreased % cell viability and antioxidant status in UVB-irradiated lymphocytes. Treatment with carvacrol 30 min prior to UVB-exposure resulted in a significant decline of TBARS, LHP, % tail DNA, and tail moment and increased % cell viability as carvacrol concentration increased. UVB irradiated lymphocytes with carvacrol alone (at 10 μg/mL) gave no significant change in cell viability, TBARS, LHP, % tail DNA, and tail moment when compared with normal lymphocytes. On the basis of our results, we conclude that carvacrol, a dietary antioxidant, mediates its protective effect through modulation of UVB-induced ROS.

Keywords: Carvacrol; Lipid Peroxida-tion; Lymphocytes; Oxidative DNA damage; Reactive Oxygen Species; UVB radiation.

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants / metabolism
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Comet Assay
  • Cymenes
  • DNA Damage / radiation effects*
  • Humans
  • Lipid Peroxidation / drug effects
  • Lymphocytes / drug effects*
  • Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Lymphocytes / radiation effects*
  • Monoterpenes / pharmacology*
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects*
  • Ultraviolet Rays*

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Cymenes
  • Monoterpenes
  • carvacrol