Endovascular treatment for iliac vein compression syndrome with or without lower extremity deep vein thrombosis: A retrospective study on mid-term in-stent patency from a single center

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate mid-term patency of iliac vein following endovascular treatment for iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) with or without deep venous thrombosis (DVT).

Materials and methods: The authors' institutional review board approved the study. Two hundred and thirty-three consecutive patients with IVCS were treated with endovascular treatment and followed up. The therapeutic strategies and complications were recorded. Cumulative patency was assessed with Kaplan-Meier curves. Independent predictors of in-stent obstruction were calculated with the Cox regression model.

Results: Endovascular treatment was technically successful in 225 of the 233 patients (96.6%). All of 225 patients were treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stent placement. No severe procedure-related complications occurred. The cumulative 1-, 3- and 5-year primary patency rates over a median follow-up time of 34 months (range, 0.3-82 months) were 93.2%, 84.3% and 74.5%, respectively. Independent predictors for in-stent obstruction included use of multiple stents and irregular stocking wearing. The cumulative 1-, 3-, 5-year secondary patency rates were 100%, 93.3% and 92%, respectively.

Conclusions: Endovascular treatment could achieve favorable mid-term patency in patients with IVCS with or without DVT.

Keywords: Deep vein thrombosis; Endovascular treatment; Iliac vein compression syndrome; In-stent patency.