As a new means of prevention and treatment of diabetes can be considered Embryonic antitumor modulator Mkrtchyan (EATM). According to our data on the STZ model of diabetes in rats EATM revealed hypoglycemic effect. Moreover, EATM prevented the development of oxidative stress. It is shown that EATM having immunomodulatory action, realizes its effect by regulating the Nox (NAPH oxidase) system. Inactivation of Nox, including the pancreas, is one of the factors determining the safety of the organ responsible for the development of diabetes. The release of the Nox is increased ex vivo and in the patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes. Mechanism for enhancing of the Nox isoforms release from erythrocyte membranes and blood serum exosomes in the presence of ferriHb in diabetes may be due to destabilizing of the cell membranes. It is established that the glucose at low concentrations bound to isoforms of Nox at the membrane surface due to increasing their stability, and at high concentrations, on the contrary, it lowers their stability. Thus, we have demonstrated a new mechanism of destabilization of cell membranes in diabetes mellitus. Suppression of the release of the pancreas Nox membrane cells in this pathology by means of EATM is perhaps a new mechanism of stabilization of these membranes, which explains the antidiabetic effect of the preparation.