Background: This study reviewed the outcomes for patients who underwent simultaneous bladder and ureter reconstructive surgery using the ileum after radical treatment for cervical cancer.
Methods: The medical records of seven patients who underwent augmentation ileocystoplasty with ileal ureter replacement between September 2006 and May 2013 were reviewed. Data on indications for surgery, underlying urologic comorbidities, type of ureteral replacement, postoperative complications, and changes in renal function were obtained.
Results: The median age of the patients was 56 years. The primary tumor was cervical cancer in all the patients, and the majority of the patients (4/7, 57.1 %) were previously treated with radical hysterectomy plus radiotherapy. Ileal ureter replacement was performed on 11 renal units, and bilateral ileal ureter substitution was performed for four patients, with the largest ureteral defect being 15 cm. The median length of the ileum used for augmentation and ureter substitution was 30 cm (range 15-40 cm), and the median hospital stay was 23 days (range 18-47 days). The overall rate of major complications (grade ≥3) was 57.1 % (4 of 7 patients). The median preoperative and immediate postoperative serum creatinine levels were respectively 1.2 mg/dL and 0.9 mg/dL. During a mean follow-up duration of 38 months, none of the patients experienced deterioration of renal function after surgery.
Conclusion: Ileal ureter substitution combined with augmentation ileocystoplasty is a useful surgical technique for bridging long ureteral defects caused by ureteric stenosis from surgery, radiotherapy, or both for pelvic tumors in contracted low-compliance bladders.