Resilience Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study

Jeffrey S Kreutzer; Jennifer H Marwitz; Adam P Sima; Thomas F Bergquist; Douglas Johnson-Greene; Elizabeth R Felix; Gale G Whiteneck; Laura E Dreer

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2015.12.003

Resilience Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study

Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016 May;97(5):708-13. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.12.003. Epub 2015 Dec 18.

Authors

Jeffrey S Kreutzer¹, Jennifer H Marwitz², Adam P Sima³, Thomas F Bergquist⁴, Douglas Johnson-Greene⁵, Elizabeth R Felix⁵, Gale G Whiteneck⁶, Laura E Dreer⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.
² Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA. Electronic address: jhmarwit@vcu.edu.
³ Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.
⁴ Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN.
⁵ Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
⁶ Research Department, Craig Hospital, Englewood, CO.
⁷ Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.

PMID: 26707459
DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.12.003

Abstract

Objective: To examine resilience at 3 months after traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of an ongoing observational cohort.

Setting: Five inpatient rehabilitation centers, with 3-month follow-up conducted primarily by telephone.

Participants: Persons with TBI (N=160) enrolled in the resilience module of the TBI Model System study with 3-month follow-up completed.

Interventions: Not applicable.

Main outcome measure: Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.

Results: Resilience scores were lower than those of the general population. A multivariable regression model, adjusting for other predictors, showed that higher education, absence of preinjury substance abuse, and less anxiety at follow-up were significantly related to greater resilience.

Conclusions: Analysis suggests that lack of resilience may be an issue for some individuals after moderate to severe TBI. Identifying persons most likely at risk for low resilience may be useful in planning clinical interventions.

Keywords: Brain injuries; Rehabilitation; Resilience, psychological.

Publication types

Observational Study
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

Adult
Brain Injuries, Traumatic / psychology*
Brain Injuries, Traumatic / rehabilitation
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Regression Analysis
Resilience, Psychological*
Risk Factors
Trauma Centers