T-2 toxin-induced cytotoxicity and damage on TM3 Leydig cells

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2016 Mar-Apr:181-182:47-54. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.12.005. Epub 2015 Dec 17.

Abstract

T-2 toxin is a highly toxic mycotoxin produced by various Fusarium species, mainly, Fusarium sporotrichoides, and has been reported to have toxic effects on reproductive system of adult male animals. This study investigated the dose-dependent cytotoxicity of T-2 toxin on reproductive cells using TM3 Leydig cells. Specifically, the cytotoxic effect of T-2 toxin was assessed by measuring cell viability; lactate dehydrogenase (LDH); malondialdehyde (MDA); antioxidant activity by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and DNA damage; and cell apoptosis. Results showed that T-2 toxin is highly cytotoxic on TM3 Leydig cells. However, Trolox-treated TM3 Leydig cells showed significantly reduced oxidative damage, DNA damage, and apoptosis induced by T-2 toxin. This study proves that T-2 toxin can damage the testes and thus affects the reproductive capacity of animals and humans. Furthermore, oxidative stress plays an important role in the cytotoxic effect of T-2 toxin.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Cytotoxicity; DNA damage; Oxidative stress; T-2 toxin; TM3 Leydig cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Chromans / pharmacology
  • DNA Damage / drug effects
  • L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / metabolism
  • Leydig Cells / drug effects*
  • Leydig Cells / metabolism
  • Lipid Peroxidation / drug effects
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • T-2 Toxin / toxicity*

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Chromans
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
  • T-2 Toxin
  • 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid