Emergence of tigecycline- and carbapenem-nonsusceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 clone in patients without exposure to tigecycline

J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2016 Dec;49(6):962-968. doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2015.10.014. Epub 2015 Nov 19.

Abstract

Background/purpose: Currently, tigecycline-nonsusceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae (TNSKP) is mainly reported to emerge following clinical use of tigecycline and is usually polyclonal. This study aimed to characterize TNSKP isolated from patients without prior tigecycline use.

Methods: Twenty-six TNSKP clinical isolates were collected, and carbapenemase and 16S rRNA methylase genes were identified by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Molecular typing was conducted by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Clinical data of patients in the carbapenem-susceptible TNSKP group and the tigecycline- and carbapenem-nonsusceptible K. pneumoniae (TCNSKP) group were compared.

Results: Of the 26 TNSKP isolates, eight contained both blaKPC-2 and 16S rRNA methylase genes. In the remaining 18 TNSKP isolates, no carbapenemase gene was detected, and only three had the 16S rRNA methylase gene. Among the 26 isolates, 24 distinct pulsotypes and 19 sequence types (STs) were identified by PFGE and MLST, respectively. Six of the eight TCNSKP were ST11, whereas the remaining 18 TNSKP isolates were assigned to 17 different STs. No patient received tigecycline prior to the isolation of TNSKP. By comparison, intensive care unit exposure, mechanical ventilation, prior β-lactam/β-lactamase use, and longer hospitalization were more common for the TCNSKP group than for the carbapenem-susceptible TNSKP group.

Conclusion: TNSKP can occur without tigecycline use, and TCNSKP ST11 is predominant among them. Further, this report proposes potential risk factors for the occurrence of carbapenem-nonsusceptibility in TNSKP.

Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae; carbapenem resistance; risk factors; tigecycline resistance.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics*
  • Carbapenems / therapeutic use*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intensive Care Units
  • Klebsiella Infections / drug therapy*
  • Klebsiella Infections / microbiology
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae / drug effects*
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae / isolation & purification
  • Male
  • Methyltransferases / genetics
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Middle Aged
  • Minocycline / analogs & derivatives*
  • Minocycline / therapeutic use
  • Multilocus Sequence Typing
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Tigecycline
  • Young Adult
  • beta-Lactamases / genetics*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Carbapenems
  • Tigecycline
  • Methyltransferases
  • rRNA (adenosine-O-2'-)methyltransferase
  • beta-Lactamases
  • beta-lactamase KPC-2, Klebsiella pneumoniae
  • carbapenemase
  • Minocycline