Calcitriol-modulated human antibiotics: New pathophysiological aspects of vitamin D
Endocrinol Nutr. 2016 Feb;63(2):87-94.
doi: 10.1016/j.endonu.2015.09.005.
Epub 2015 Dec 2.
[Article in
English,
Spanish]
Affiliations
- 1 Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, España. Electronic address: camado@humv.es.
- 2 Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, España.
- 3 Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, España.
- 4 Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, España.
Abstract
Traditionally, calcitriol has been considered a calcium and phosphate regulating hormone, but has recently been shown to play a pivotal role in innate immunity. Many barrier and immune cells have membrane and intracellular receptors that recognize different microbial antigens. Activation of these receptors induces synthesis of 1α-hydroxylase, which acts on 25 hydroxyvitamin D to generate intracellular calcitriol. Calcitriol activates its receptor and enhances the synthesis of important human antibiotics like cathelicidin and β2-defensin while inhibiting hepcidin. These pluripotent peptides have an important role in innate immunity, and their regulation is abnormal in hypovitaminosis D. The literature on their secretion mechanisms, levels in different organic fluids, mechanism of action, and relationship with vitamin D is reviewed here.
Keywords:
Calcitriol; Catelicidina; Cathelicidin; Defensin; Defensina; Hepcidin; Hepcidina; Vitamin D; Vitamina D.
Copyright © 2015 SEEN. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.
MeSH terms
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Calcitriol / pharmacology*
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Cathelicidins / biosynthesis*
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Hepcidins / antagonists & inhibitors
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Humans
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Immunity, Innate
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Receptors, Calcitriol / metabolism
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Vitamin D / pharmacology*
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Vitamins / pharmacology
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beta-Defensins / biosynthesis*
Substances
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Cathelicidins
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DEFB4A protein, human
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Hepcidins
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Receptors, Calcitriol
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Vitamins
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beta-Defensins
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Vitamin D
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Calcitriol