Acetylenic derivatives of betulin were tested in vitro for their antiproliferative activity against G-361 human melanoma cells. Two types of betulin derivatives were studied: monoesters, obtained by modification of the hydroxyl group at C-28 position, and diesters modified at both C-28 and C-3 positions. To assess cell proliferation, a colorimetric sulforhodamine B based method was used. All the tested monoesters inhibited cellular growth and 28-O-propynoylbetulin showed the strongest cytotoxic effect. Esterification of the C-3 hydroxyl group of the molecule abolished its growth inhibitory activity.