Phosphorus digestibility and phytate degradation by yearlings and mature horses

J Anim Sci. 2015 Dec;93(12):5735-42. doi: 10.2527/jas.2015-9139.

Abstract

Inorganic P is often added to growing horse diets because organic P, or phytate-P, is believed to have lower digestibility. If horses can efficiently digest organic P, then the need for inorganic P may be reduced. Much of the P in grain-based concentrates fed to growing horses is in the form of phytate-P. Little is known about the ability of growing horses to degrade phytate-P or whether horse age affects mineral digestion in horses. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of age on P, Ca, and Mg digestibility as well as phytate-P degradation. Four yearling geldings and 4 mature geldings were fed a diet of alfalfa cubes, timothy cubes, and a pelleted concentrate. The diet contained 0.28% total P and 17.4% of that P was in the phytate form. There was a 14-d diet adaptation period followed by a 4-d fecal collection period. Apparent total tract P digestibility was higher for yearlings than mature geldings ( = 0.036; 7.7 and -6.6% for yearlings and mature geldings, respectively). Phytate-P disappearance was 94.8% and did not differ between ages ( = 0.190). Apparent Ca digestibility was lower in mature geldings ( = 0.043), but apparent Mg digestibility did not differ between ages ( = 0.414). Phytate is broken down in the gastrointestinal tract, but the low P digestibilities suggest that either degradation occurs after the site of P absorption or liberated P is recycled back into the gastrointestinal tract. Yearlings can utilize organic P as well as mature horses; therefore, diets without inorganic P are acceptable for growing horses.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Aging / physiology*
  • Animal Feed / analysis
  • Animals
  • Calcium, Dietary / administration & dosage
  • Calcium, Dietary / metabolism
  • Diet / veterinary
  • Digestion*
  • Edible Grain / metabolism
  • Feces / chemistry
  • Gastrointestinal Tract / metabolism
  • Horses / metabolism
  • Horses / physiology*
  • Magnesium / administration & dosage
  • Magnesium / metabolism
  • Male
  • Medicago sativa / metabolism
  • Phosphorus, Dietary / administration & dosage
  • Phosphorus, Dietary / metabolism*
  • Phytic Acid / metabolism*

Substances

  • Calcium, Dietary
  • Phosphorus, Dietary
  • Phytic Acid
  • Magnesium