An Intrusion Detection System Based on Multi-Level Clustering for Hierarchical Wireless Sensor Networks

Ismail Butun; In-Ho Ra; Ravi Sankar

doi:10.3390/s151128960

An Intrusion Detection System Based on Multi-Level Clustering for Hierarchical Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors (Basel). 2015 Nov 17;15(11):28960-78. doi: 10.3390/s151128960.

Authors

Ismail Butun^{1

2}, In-Ho Ra³, Ravi Sankar⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Bursa Technical University, Gaziakdemir M. Mudanya C. No:4/10, Osmangazi 16190, Turkey. ibutun@mail.usf.edu.
² Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. ibutun@mail.usf.edu.
³ School of Computer, Information and Communication Engineering, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 573-701, Korea. ismail.butun@btu.edu.tr.
⁴ Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. sankar@usf.edu.

Abstract

In this work, an intrusion detection system (IDS) framework based on multi-level clustering for hierarchical wireless sensor networks is proposed. The framework employs two types of intrusion detection approaches: (1) "downward-IDS (D-IDS)" to detect the abnormal behavior (intrusion) of the subordinate (member) nodes; and (2) "upward-IDS (U-IDS)" to detect the abnormal behavior of the cluster heads. By using analytical calculations, the optimum parameters for the D-IDS (number of maximum hops) and U-IDS (monitoring group size) of the framework are evaluated and presented.

Keywords: IDS; WSN; clustering; hierarchical; intrusion detection; neighborhood watching.