The tongue and mandible have common origins. They arise simultaneously from the mandibular arch and are coordinated in their development and growth, which is evident from several clinical conditions such as Pierre Robin sequence. Here, we review in detail the molecular networks controlling both mandible and tongue development. We also discuss their mechanical relationship and evolution as well as the potential for stem cell-based therapies for disorders affecting these organs.
Keywords: Mandible; Mandibular osteogenesis; Meckel's cartilage; Pierre Robin sequence; Tongue; Tongue myogenesis.
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