Effects of colchicine on risk of cardiovascular events and mortality among patients with gout: a cohort study using electronic medical records linked with Medicare claims

Ann Rheum Dis. 2016 Sep;75(9):1674-9. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207984. Epub 2015 Nov 18.

Abstract

Background: Colchicine may have beneficial effects on cardiovascular (CV) disease, but there are sparse data on its CV effect among patients with gout. We examined the potential association between colchicine and CV risk and all-cause mortality in gout.

Methods: The analyses used data from an electronic medical record (EMR) database linked with Medicare claims (2006-2011). To be eligible for the study cohort, subjects must have had a diagnosis of gout in the EMR and Medicare claims. New users of colchicine were identified and followed up from the first colchicine dispensing date. Non-users had no evidence of colchicine prescriptions during the study period and were matched to users on the start of follow-up, age and gender. Both groups were followed for the primary outcome, a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke or transient ischaemic attack. We calculated HRs in Cox regression, adjusting for potential confounders.

Results: We matched 501 users with an equal number of non-users with a median follow-up of 16.5 months. During follow-up, 28 primary CV events were observed among users and 82 among non-users. Incidence rates per 1000 person-years were 35.6 for users and 81.8 for non-users. After full adjustment, colchicine use was associated with a 49% lower risk (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.88) in the primary CV outcome as well as a 73% reduction in all-cause mortality (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.85, p=0.007).

Conclusions: Colchicine use was associated with a reduced risk of a CV event among patients with gout.

Keywords: Cardiovascular Disease; Epidemiology; Gout.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / chemically induced
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / mortality*
  • Cause of Death
  • Cohort Studies
  • Colchicine / adverse effects*
  • Electronic Health Records
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gout / drug therapy*
  • Gout Suppressants / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Medical Record Linkage
  • Medicare
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • United States

Substances

  • Gout Suppressants
  • Colchicine