Recently, the immune checkpoint inhibitors which target programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) have made a breakthrough in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Researches on immune checkpoint inhibitors have been rapidly implemented in various types of lung cancer, such as small cell lung cancer and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. These inhibitors have been applied in combination with other treatment strategies, including chemotherapy, targeting therapy and radiotherapy. However, there are still many problems to be solved, such as searching for ideal biomarkers, exploring different combination treatment models, and identifying the potential mechanisms of primary or secondary drug resistance. Along with these problems to be successfully solved, the immune checkpoint inhibitors will have broader applications in lung cancer therapy.
近期，抗程序性死亡分子1（programmed death-1, PD-1）/PD-1配体（PD-1 ligand, PD-L1)单抗在晚期非小细胞肺癌的治疗中纷纷取得了突破性进展，相关研究迅速覆盖到肺癌的其他领域，如小细胞肺癌、局部晚期非小细胞肺癌；并且开始尝试与现有治疗手段的各种组合，如联合化疗、靶向药物及放疗等。但是，仍有许多问题有待解决，如寻找理想的预测疗效的生物标记物、探索不同的联合治疗模式、明确原发及继发耐药的机制等等。随着这些问题的相继解决，抗PD-1/PD-L1单抗在肺癌的治疗中将会有更加广阔的应用空间。.