Genomics-based strategies for the use of natural variation in the improvement of crop metabolism

Plant Sci. 2016 Jan:242:47-64. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.05.021. Epub 2015 Jun 5.

Abstract

Next-generation genomics holds great potential in the study of plant phenotypic variation. With several crop reference genomes now available, the affordable costs of de novo genome assembly or target resequencing offer the opportunity to mine the enormous amount of genetic diversity hidden in crop wild relatives. Wide introgressions from these wild ancestors species or land races represent a possible strategy to improve cultivated varieties. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms underlying metabolic diversity within plant species and the possible strategies (and barriers) to introgress novel metabolic traits into cultivated varieties. We show how deep genomic surveys uncover various types of structural variants from extended gene pools of major crops and highlight how this variation may be used for the improvement of crop metabolism.

Keywords: Crop wild relative; Genomics; Hybridization; Metabolomics; Natural variation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Crops, Agricultural / classification
  • Crops, Agricultural / genetics*
  • Crops, Agricultural / metabolism*
  • Genetic Variation*
  • Genome, Plant / genetics*
  • Genomics / methods*
  • Genotype
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / methods
  • Phenotype
  • Plant Breeding / methods
  • Quantitative Trait Loci / genetics
  • Species Specificity