A study was carried out to determine amikacin blood levels in 44 neonates who were admitted to a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Amikacin was administered by intravenous or intramuscular route. The levels obtained with both methods were similar. The results of our study indicate that amikacin levels should be monitored in neonates to avoid toxic concentrations of this drug. On the basis of this study a new neonatal dosage schedule is proposed.