Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Structure, Injuries and Regenerative Treatments

Ali Negahi Shirazi; Wojciech Chrzanowski; Ali Khademhosseini; Fariba Dehghani

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-22345-2_10

Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Structure, Injuries and Regenerative Treatments

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2015:881:161-86. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-22345-2_10.

Authors

Ali Negahi Shirazi¹, Wojciech Chrzanowski², Ali Khademhosseini^{3

4}, Fariba Dehghani^{5

6}

Affiliations

¹ School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
² Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
³ Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
⁴ Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
⁵ School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. fariba.dehghani@sydney.edu.au.
⁶ Department of Bioengineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. fariba.dehghani@sydney.edu.au.

PMID: 26545750
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22345-2_10

Abstract

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most vulnerable ligaments of the knee. ACL impairment results in episodic instability, chondral and meniscal injury and early osteoarthritis. The poor self-healing capacity of ACL makes surgical treatment inevitable. Current ACL reconstructions include a substitution of torn ACL via biological grafts such as autograft, allograft. This review provides an insight of ACL structure, orientation and properties followed by comparing the performance of various constructs that have been used for ACL replacement. New approaches, undertaken to induce ACL regeneration and fabricate biomimetic scaffolds, are also discussed.

Keywords: Allograft; Anterior cruciate ligament; Autograft; Ligament prostheses; Tissue engineering.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Anterior Cruciate Ligament / transplantation*
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction / methods*
Humans
Regeneration*
Tissue Engineering / methods
Tissue Scaffolds
Transplantation, Autologous
Transplantation, Heterologous
Wound Healing*