A study update of mortality in workers at a phosphate fertilizer production facility

Am J Ind Med. 2016 Jan;59(1):12-22. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22542. Epub 2015 Nov 2.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the mortality experience among 3,199 workers employed 1951-1976 at a phosphate fertilizer production plant in central Florida with follow-up through 2011.

Methods: Cause-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for the full cohort were calculated with the U.S. population as referent. Lung cancer and leukemia risks were further analyzed using conditional logistic regression.

Results: The mortality due to all-causes (SMR = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.13, observed deaths [n] = 1,473), all-cancers (SMR = 1.16, 95%CI 1.06-1.28, n = 431), and a priori outcomes of interests including lung cancer (SMR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.13-1.53, n = 168) and leukemia (SMR = 1.74, 95%CI = 1.11-2.62, n = 23) were statistically significantly elevated. Regression modeling on employment duration or estimated radiation scores did not show exposure-response relation with lung cancer or leukemia mortality.

Conclusion: SMR results showed increased lung cancer and leukemia mortality in a full cohort of the phosphate fertilizer production facility. There was, however, no exposure-response relation observed among cases and matched controls.

Keywords: exposure-response; leukemia; lung cancer; occupational epidemiology; phosphate fertilizer production; standardized mortality ratios.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cause of Death / trends
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Fertilizers / analysis
  • Fertilizers / toxicity*
  • Florida / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Leukemia / chemically induced
  • Leukemia / mortality*
  • Lung Neoplasms / chemically induced
  • Lung Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Male
  • Manufacturing Industry / statistics & numerical data*
  • Middle Aged
  • Occupational Diseases / chemically induced
  • Occupational Diseases / mortality*
  • Occupational Exposure / analysis
  • Phosphates / analysis
  • Phosphates / toxicity*
  • Risk Factors
  • United States / epidemiology

Substances

  • Fertilizers
  • Phosphates