Outcomes of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance in Patients Who Underwent Kidney Transplantation

Transplant Proc. 2015 Oct;47(8):2344-5. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.08.023.

Abstract

Background: There are few reports about the clinical course and prognosis of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) in long-term immunosuppressed patients. Our aim was to study the association and evolution of MGUS and renal transplantation.

Methods: Subjects submitted to renal transplantation between 1996 and 2011 who presented MGUS before or after immunosuppressive treatment was established were selected.

Results: Patients (N = 587) underwent kidney transplantation in our center during the selected period. MGUS was detected in 17 (2.9%) patients (10 men and 7 women with a mean age of 69.9 ± 10.07 years), with a median follow-up of 6 years. All patients had a functioning graft. Nine had MGUS before transplantation. One patient had multiple myeloma, and 8 remained stable. Eight patients had development of MGUS after transplantation. Six patients remained stable, 1 showed no MGUS, and 1 displayed an increased monoclonal component in further controls.

Conclusions: In our study, renal transplantation is not a risk factor for the development of malignant processes in patients with MGUS before transplantation. There is a group of patients who tend to have MGUS after transplantation; nevertheless, they had a benign evolution during a 6-year follow-up.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cohort Studies
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • Graft Rejection / prevention & control*
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / epidemiology
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / surgery*
  • Kidney Transplantation*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance / epidemiology*
  • Multiple Myeloma / epidemiology*
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Transplants

Substances

  • Immunosuppressive Agents