Background: Cardiac events in patients with acute stroke are frequent. Urgent PCI in myocardial infarction is crucial to improve outcome. However, the situation is complex as intracranial hemorrhage is a frequent complication of stroke but antithrombotic medication is indispensable during and after PCI. Therefore in this study, we aimed to investigate the safety of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients hospitalized with acute ischemic stroke and concomitant acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Methods and results: In a single-center, case-series study we investigated 80 patients hospitalized with acute stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) and concomitant ACS undergoing coronary angiography. Patients with subsequent PCI were compared to patients with medical treatment alone. The primary end point was the composite of death, recurrent MI, coronary re-intervention, recurrent stroke or bleeding during 1-year follow-up. The secondary end point consisted of the components of the primary end point. Age, gender and cardiovascular risk factors did not differ between groups. However, severity of initial stroke and coronary artery disease was higher in the PCI group. Accordingly, antiplatelet medication with aspirin and clopidogrel was prescribed more frequently in the PCI group. Nevertheless, during 1-year follow-up, the primary end point did not differ between groups [38 vs. 50 %, odds ratio (OR) 1.7, CI 0.69-4.07, P = 0.23]. Intracranial hemorrhage was even numerically lower in patients undergoing PCI (5 vs. 3 %, OR 0.4, CI 0.04-5.6, P = 0.46).
Conclusions: The primary and secondary end points were not enhanced in patients undergoing PCI. Therefore PCI is safe in patients with stroke/TIA and concomitant ACS.
Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Myocardial infarction; PCI; Safety; Stroke.