Background: The monosomal karyotype (MK) is a well-known adverse prognostic factor and has been found to be related to poor outcome in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the outcome in MK-positive AML patients undergoing different therapies has not been well investigated.
Patients and methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical and laboratory features in 225 MK-positive AML patients. Clinical outcome of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) was evaluated in patients according to age group and in patients who received different therapy protocols.
Results: The proportion of MK-positive patients increased along with age. Also, patients who were treated with high-dose cytarabine (HD-Ara-C) as consolidation therapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) demonstrated longer OS and DFS compared to allo-HSCT or HD-Ara-C alone. Patients treated with allo-HSCT alone exhibited longer DFS compared to patients treated with HD-Ara-C alone. No difference in OS was discovered between these 2 single protocols.
Conclusion: MK was associated with a lower complete remission rate. HD-Ara-C therapy followed by allo-HSCT could improve the prognosis of MK-positive AML patients.
Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia; Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation; High-dose cytarabine; Monosomal karyotype; Survival.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.