The osteocytic cytoplasmic processes show regularly-arranged three-dimensional structure, a cellular network called osteocytic lacunar-canalicular system (OLCS). We have demonstrated the ultrastructure of the cellular network of OLCS by means of a structured illumination microscope method (SIM) and a Focused Ion Beam-Scanning Electron Microscope (FIB-SEM). We also attempted to localize exogenously-administered minodronate, a new generation of bisphosphonate, as well as calcium deposition onto the bone forming surface, using an isotope microscope system. Recent devised microscopic technique may provide new insights in the research field of bone.