Determination of the infectious titer and virulence of an original US porcine epidemic diarrhea virus PC22A strain

Xinsheng Liu; Chun-Ming Lin; Thavamathi Annamalai; Xiang Gao; Zhongyan Lu; Malak A Esseili; Kwonil Jung; Mohamed El-Tholoth; Linda J Saif; Qiuhong Wang

doi:10.1186/s13567-015-0249-1

Determination of the infectious titer and virulence of an original US porcine epidemic diarrhea virus PC22A strain

Vet Res. 2015 Sep 25:46:109. doi: 10.1186/s13567-015-0249-1.

Authors

Xinsheng Liu^{1

2}, Chun-Ming Lin³, Thavamathi Annamalai⁴, Xiang Gao⁵, Zhongyan Lu⁶, Malak A Esseili⁷, Kwonil Jung⁸, Mohamed El-Tholoth^{9

10}, Linda J Saif¹¹, Qiuhong Wang¹²

Affiliations

¹ Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA. liu.4503@osu.edu.
² State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, OIE/National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory of China, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China. liu.4503@osu.edu.
³ Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA. lin.1903@osu.edu.
⁴ Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA. annamalai.5@osu.edu.
⁵ Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA. gao.898@osu.edu.
⁶ Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA. lu.608@buckeyemail.osu.edu.
⁷ Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA. esseili.1@osu.edu.
⁸ Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA. jung.221@osu.edu.
⁹ Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA. tholothvirol@mans.edu.eg.
¹⁰ Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. tholothvirol@mans.edu.eg.
¹¹ Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA. saif.2@osu.edu.
¹² Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA. wang.655@osu.edu.

Abstract

The infectious dose of a virus pool of original US PEDV strain PC22A was determined in 4-day-old, cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived (CDCD) piglets. The median pig diarrhea dose (PDD50) of the virus pool was determined as 7.35 log10 PDD50/mL, similar to the cell culture infectious titer, 7.75 log10 plaque-forming units (PFU)/mL. 100 PDD50 caused watery diarrhea in all conventional suckling piglets (n = 12) derived from a PEDV-naive sow, whereas 1000 and 10 000 PDD50 did not cause diarrhea in piglets derived from two PEDV-field exposed-recovered sows. This information is important for future PEDV challenge studies and validation of PEDV vaccines.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Coronavirus Infections / veterinary*
Coronavirus Infections / virology
Diarrhea / veterinary*
Diarrhea / virology
Female
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus / pathogenicity*
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus / physiology*
Pregnancy
Swine
Swine Diseases / virology*
United States
Virulence